Maternity Services

Antenatal check-ups follow maternal health and fetal development. Screening can identify possible diabetes, anaemia, infections or fetal concerns, but a screening result is not itself a diagnosis.

Vaginal delivery is birth through the birth canal without a caesarean operation. Labour progress and the wellbeing of mother and baby determine whether additional assistance is needed.

An epidural delivers medication near the spinal nerves to reduce labour pain. It can provide substantial relief, but its suitability, effects and risks need discussion with the anaesthetist.

A planned caesarean is surgical delivery arranged before labour. The reason, timing, anaesthesia and expected recovery are discussed before birth.

An emergency caesarean may be needed if labour is not progressing safely or mother or baby is at risk. The urgency depends on the clinical situation.

Postnatal recovery includes healing, bleeding changes and emotional adjustment after birth. Fever, heavy bleeding or worsening pain should not be dismissed as normal recovery.

Breastfeeding support addresses latch, positioning, nipple pain and milk transfer. Feeding patterns, wet nappies and weight gain help show whether the baby receives enough milk.

Perineal tears, episiotomy wounds and caesarean incisions need time to heal. Increasing redness, discharge, fever or worsening wound pain may signal infection or another complication.

Postpartum haemorrhage is excessive bleeding after childbirth and is a medical emergency. Causes include poor uterine contraction, retained placental tissue, birth injury or clotting problems.

Immediate newborn care checks breathing, warmth and adaptation after birth. Babies needing extra help may require resuscitation or closer observation before routine feeding and care.

Post-delivery contraception helps plan the timing of future pregnancies. Suitable choices depend on breastfeeding, medical history, preferences and future pregnancy plans.

Post-delivery complications include infection, bleeding, blood-pressure problems, clots and mental health difficulties. Breathlessness, chest pain or a severe headache needs urgent attention.